UNDERSTANDING SICKLE CELL
Knowledge Is the First Step Toward Better Care.
Whether you were just diagnosed, recently learned you carry the trait, or are caring for someone you love, this guide explains sickle cell disease in clear, simple language.
This page is for education only and does not replace advice from a qualified healthcare provider.
THE BASICS
What Is Sickle Cell Disease?
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited red blood cell disorders. It affects hemoglobin, the protein inside red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body.
A person is born with sickle cell disease. It is not contagious and cannot be caught from someone else. It is a lifelong condition, and with the right care many people live full, active lives.
INSIDE THE BLOOD
How Sickle Cell Affects Red Blood Cells
In sickle cell disease, hemoglobin forms stiff strands inside red blood cells. This bends the cells into a crescent, or sickle, shape. The shape matters because it changes how blood flows and how long cells survive.
HOW IT IS INHERITED
Sickle Cell Is Passed Down Through Genes.
Everyone inherits two hemoglobin genes, one from each biological parent. A child has sickle cell disease when they inherit two sickle cell genes, or one sickle cell gene plus another atypical hemoglobin gene.
When both parents have sickle cell trait, the chances are the same with every pregnancy, no matter how many children they already have.
TRAIT VS. DISEASE
Knowing the Difference Matters.
Sickle cell trait and sickle cell disease are not the same. Knowing your status helps you make informed decisions about your health and family planning.
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
Every Experience With Sickle Cell Is Different.
Sickle cell disease is present at birth, but most babies do not show signs until around 5 to 6 months of age. Symptoms vary from person to person and can change over time.
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
Every Experience With Sickle Cell Is Different.
Sickle cell disease is present at birth, but most babies do not show signs until around 5 to 6 months of age. Symptoms vary from person to person and can change over time.
COMPLICATIONS
How Sickle Cell Can Affect the Body Over Time
Because sickle cell disease affects blood flow, it can impact many parts of the body. Regular care helps catch and manage these concerns early.
DIAGNOSIS & TESTING
Finding Out Early Makes a Difference.
Early diagnosis allows families to start preventive care sooner, which is important because children with sickle cell disease have a higher risk of infection and other health problems.
TREATMENT & CARE
There Are Many Ways to Manage Sickle Cell Disease.
Treatment helps relieve symptoms, prevent complications, and support quality of life. The right plan is different for every person and should be decided together with qualified medical professionals.
LIVING WITH SICKLE CELL
Daily Habits That Can Help You Thrive.
People living with sickle cell disease can live full lives and enjoy most of the activities others do. These everyday steps can help, alongside a plan from your care team.
